What can be done? Everyone can contribute by following the suggestions listed below. The goal is to preserve or mimic as many natural processes in the watershed as possible; let nature do the purification which it does so well. For example, leave buffer strips along the edges of lakes, tributary streams, and seasonal, intermittent streams or plant vegetation which will slow surface runoff; minimize disturbance of natural soil. Direct surface runoff into natural depressions where the water can seep into the ground slowly, and keep use of chemicals and other harmful substances which cannot be removed by nature to a minimum.

Land Use/Land Area Site Disturbance, Yardwork, Clearing, Landscaping Shore Frontage Tree Cutting-Forestry Septic Systems (The following applies to those of you still having septic systems; however, some items would apply to sanitary sewer systems as well) Detergents Surface Runoff from Developed Areas (driveways, roofs, lawns) Storage of Hazardous Materials

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Do's Do keep site disturbance to a minimum, especially removal or natural vegetation and exposure of bare soil. Do seed and mulch bare soil within two weeks of clearing and install hay bales downslope of cleared areas. Do leave naturally vegetated areas (buffer strips) along lake shores, streambeds, road ditches, intermittent streams. Leave at least 25 feet of undisturbed buffer, with more on poor soils or steep slopes. Do plant deep-rooted, woody vegetation along lake shores, streambeds, road ditches. Do preserve natural topography and natural drainage systems. Do use fertilizer sparingly and in multiple applications. Hay mulch is preferable. Do use organic fertilizer. Do leave existing rocks in place along shore. Add rip rap if erosion control is necessary (DEP permit required). Do minimize shoreline alteration such as removal of vegetation construction of piers, breakwaters, etc. (Shoreline alteration on lakes requires a Winchester Inland/Wetlands permit) Do leave trees along the shoreline or streamfront. Consult with Winchester Inland/Wetlands laws before cutting—harvesting limitations may apply. Do check sludge level in septic tank every year. Pump when sludge fills half of the tank (average is every 2-3 years for year-round residents, 5—6 years for seasonal residents). Do organize neighborhood septic tank pumping. Do conserve water, and give the septic system time to “rest” after heavy use. Do use non-phosphate detergents. (list of products to use are available from Lake Associations and DEP.) Do prevent water from running directly into lakes and streams. Detain in depressions or divert flow to flat, wooded areas. Do plant vegetative buffer strips along road and stabilize road ditches by seeding or rip-rapping. Do keep catch basins clear. Do store hazardous materials in a contained area.

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Don'ts Don’t use herbicides and pesticides in excess on your garden and lawn. Avoid their use if possible. Don’t put grass, leaves, branches, or any kind of organic material into the lake. Don’t flush strong cleaning agents (drain cleaner, bleach) into your septic system. Don’t flush cigarette butts, paper towels, etc., down the toilet. Don’t install or use an in-sink garbage disposal. Don’t use commercial products that claim to clean your septic tank without pumping. Don’t put paint or chemicals into the septic system. Don’t wash cars near lakes, streams, or drainage ditches. Don’t allow water to run directly off roads into lakes or streams. Don’t have structures (houses, decks, sheds) close to the water. All structures must meet the required setback from the water. Don’t build new beaches (new beaches require a DEP permit). Use temporary docks as an alternative. Don’t fill or dredge unless necessary. Both activities require a permit from DEP. Don’t dispose of paint thinners or chemical products on the ground. Don’t feed wildlife.v Don’t boat within 100 feet of docks or shore. Don’t use waverunners (jet skis) within 200 feet of docks or shore. Don’t allow animal waste in or near water.

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